{"id":10425,"date":"2015-10-05T19:52:58","date_gmt":"2015-10-06T00:52:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/gisgeography.com\/?p=10425"},"modified":"2024-03-10T07:14:31","modified_gmt":"2024-03-10T12:14:31","slug":"wgs84-world-geodetic-system","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wgs84-world-geodetic-system\/","title":{"rendered":"World Geodetic System (WGS84)"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
\"8484GPS<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
\n

WGS84 is standard for GPS<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

The Global Positioning System uses the World Geodetic System (WGS84)<\/strong> as its reference coordinate system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It consists of a reference ellipsoid, a standard coordinate system, altitude data, and a geoid.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Similar to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD83)<\/a>, it uses the Earth\u2019s center mass as the coordinate origin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Geodesists believe the error is less than 2 centimeters which is better than NAD83.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\n

Pinpoint Your Position Using WGS84<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

When you need to accurately enter coordinates in a GIS, the first step is to uniquely define all coordinates on Earth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This means you need a reference frame for your latitude and longitude coordinates<\/a> because where would you be on Earth without having a reference to it?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Because the Earth is curved \u2013 and in GIS we deal with flat map projections<\/a> \u2013 we need to accommodate both the curved and flat views of the world. Surveyors and geodesists have accurately defined locations on Earth.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"Oblate<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

We begin modeling the Earth with an ellipsoid. To be clear, this is different from a geoid which is a measure of mean sea level<\/a>. Over time, the ellipsoid has been estimated to the best of our ability through a massive collection of surface measurements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

When you combine these measurements, we arrive at a geodetic datum. Horizontal datums<\/a> precisely specify each location on Earth\u2019s surface in latitude and longitude or other coordinate systems. For instance, NAD27, NAD83, and WGS84 are examples of geodetic datums.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Using geographic coordinate systems, we can define positions on Earth. For example, we use degrees\/minutes\/seconds (DMS) and decimal degrees (DD)<\/a> for spherical coordinates.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After we flatten the Earth with map projections<\/a>, we use projected coordinate systems like the State Plane Coordinate System (SPCS)<\/a> or UTM grid system<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\n

WGS84: Unifying a Global Ellipsoid Model with GPS<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

It wasn\u2019t until the mainstream use of Global Positioning Systems (GPS) that geodesists first developed a unified global ellipsoid model<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The radio waves transmitted by GPS satellites and trilateration<\/a> enable extremely precise Earth measurements across continents and oceans. Geodesists could create global ellipsoid models because of the enhancement of computing capabilities and GPS technology.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"Carrier<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

This led to the development of global ellipsoid models such as WGS72, GRS80, and WGS84 (current). The Global Positioning System<\/a> uses the World Geodetic System (WGS84) as its reference coordinate system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

What is EPSG4326?<\/strong> EPSG4326 is just the way to identify WGS84 using EPSG.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It’s important to note that while WGS84 serves as a global reference, various regional geodetic datums might be more accurate for specific areas. In such cases, coordinate transformations<\/a> are used to convert between different datums and the WGS84 reference frame.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\n

Summary: World Geodetic System (WGS84)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Never before have we been able to estimate the ellipsoid with such precision.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is primarily because of the global set of measurements provided by GPS.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

WGS84 consists of a reference ellipsoid, a standard coordinate system, altitude data, and a geoid.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The error of WGS84 is believed to be less than 2 centimeters to the center mass.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS84) is a spatial reference system of GPS satellites with an error of less than 2 cm to the center of Earth.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":7245,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kad_post_transparent":"default","_kad_post_title":"default","_kad_post_layout":"default","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"default","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"default","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[108],"tags":[300],"class_list":["post-10425","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-maps-cartography","tag-coordinate-systems"],"yoast_head":"\nWorld Geodetic 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