{"id":11126,"date":"2016-07-09T20:48:27","date_gmt":"2016-07-10T01:48:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/gisgeography.com\/?p=11126"},"modified":"2025-04-11T05:32:46","modified_gmt":"2025-04-11T10:32:46","slug":"grass-gis-geographic-resources-analysis-support-system","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/grass-gis-geographic-resources-analysis-support-system\/","title":{"rendered":"GRASS GIS &#8211; Geographic Resources Analysis Support System"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/GRASS-3D.jpg\" alt=\"GRASS 3D\" class=\"wp-image-96562\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/GRASS-3D.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/GRASS-3D-300x135.jpg 300w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/GRASS-3D-678x305.jpg 678w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/GRASS-3D-768x346.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_91f48b-b7, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_91f48b-b7[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_91f48b-b7\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_91f48b-b7 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_91f48b-b7[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_91f48b-b7\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_91f48b-b7 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_91f48b-b7[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_91f48b-b7\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h2 class=\"kt-adv-heading11126_91f48b-b7 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_91f48b-b7\">GRASS GIS Review<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-20-18-17-font-size\">GRASS GIS (Geographic Resources Analysis Support System) is one of the oldest public domain GIS software in existence. It\u2019s more than 30 years old. The US Army Corps of Engineers developed it as a tool for land management and environmental planning.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-20-18-17-font-size\">Now, academics, government agencies (NASA, NOAA, USDA, and USGS), and GIS practitioners use this open source software because its code can be inspected and tailored to their needs. But what about the everyday GIS user? Now, let\u2019s take a look at what you can do with it.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_8e226a-92, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_8e226a-92[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_8e226a-92\"]{padding-bottom:5px;font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_8e226a-92 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_8e226a-92[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_8e226a-92\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_8e226a-92 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_8e226a-92[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_8e226a-92\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h2 class=\"kt-adv-heading11126_8e226a-92 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_8e226a-92\">Pros\/Cons of GRASS GIS<\/h2>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_49f0a4-4c, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_49f0a4-4c[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_49f0a4-4c\"]{font-size:18px;font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_49f0a4-4c mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_49f0a4-4c[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_49f0a4-4c\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_49f0a4-4c img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_49f0a4-4c[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_49f0a4-4c\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_49f0a4-4c, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_49f0a4-4c[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_49f0a4-4c\"]{font-size:17px;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_49f0a4-4c, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_49f0a4-4c[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_49f0a4-4c\"]{font-size:16px;}}<\/style>\n<p class=\"kt-adv-heading11126_49f0a4-4c wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_49f0a4-4c\">Here are some of the advantages and disadvantages of using GRASS GIS compared to other GIS software applications.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id11126_f21c55-b9 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id11126_f21c55-b9 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id11126_f21c55-b9 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);padding-top:10px;padding-bottom:20px;grid-template-columns:repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));}.kb-row-layout-id11126_f21c55-b9{border-top-left-radius:10px;border-top-right-radius:10px;border-bottom-right-radius:10px;border-bottom-left-radius:10px;overflow:clip;isolation:isolate;}.kb-row-layout-id11126_f21c55-b9 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{border-top-left-radius:10px;border-top-right-radius:10px;border-bottom-right-radius:10px;border-bottom-left-radius:10px;}.kb-row-layout-id11126_f21c55-b9 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id11126_f21c55-b9 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id11126_f21c55-b9 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id11126_f21c55-b9 alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-2-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column11126_44d3eb-7b > .kt-inside-inner-col{padding-top:10px;padding-right:10px;padding-bottom:10px;padding-left:10px;}.kadence-column11126_44d3eb-7b > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:1px solid var(--global-palette6, #718096);border-right:1px solid var(--global-palette6, #718096);border-bottom:1px solid var(--global-palette6, #718096);border-left:1px solid var(--global-palette6, #718096);}.kadence-column11126_44d3eb-7b > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column11126_44d3eb-7b > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:10px;border-top-right-radius:10px;border-bottom-right-radius:10px;border-bottom-left-radius:10px;}.kadence-column11126_44d3eb-7b > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column11126_44d3eb-7b > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column11126_44d3eb-7b > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column11126_44d3eb-7b > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column11126_44d3eb-7b{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column11126_44d3eb-7b > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:1px solid var(--global-palette6, #718096);border-right:1px solid var(--global-palette6, #718096);border-bottom:1px solid var(--global-palette6, #718096);border-left:1px solid var(--global-palette6, #718096);flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column11126_44d3eb-7b > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:1px solid var(--global-palette6, #718096);border-right:1px solid var(--global-palette6, #718096);border-bottom:1px solid var(--global-palette6, #718096);border-left:1px solid var(--global-palette6, #718096);flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column11126_44d3eb-7b inner-column-1\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_4d4ff7-29, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_4d4ff7-29[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_4d4ff7-29\"]{padding-top:15px;margin-bottom:0px;font-size:20px;font-weight:600;font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_4d4ff7-29 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_4d4ff7-29[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_4d4ff7-29\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_4d4ff7-29 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_4d4ff7-29[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_4d4ff7-29\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h5 class=\"kt-adv-heading11126_4d4ff7-29 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_4d4ff7-29\">PROS<\/h5>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-iconlist.kt-svg-icon-list-items11126_eb038a-0b:not(.this-stops-third-party-issues){margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-iconlist.kt-svg-icon-list-items11126_eb038a-0b ul.kt-svg-icon-list:not(.this-prevents-issues):not(.this-stops-third-party-issues):not(.tijsloc){margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-iconlist.kt-svg-icon-list-items11126_eb038a-0b ul.kt-svg-icon-list{grid-row-gap:15px;}.wp-block-kadence-iconlist.kt-svg-icon-list-items11126_eb038a-0b ul.kt-svg-icon-list .kt-svg-icon-list-item-wrap .kt-svg-icon-list-single{margin-right:10px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-iconlist kt-svg-icon-list-items kt-svg-icon-list-items11126_eb038a-0b kt-svg-icon-list-columns-1 alignnone\"><ul class=\"kt-svg-icon-list\"><style>.kt-svg-icon-list-item-11126_eac0e4-66 .kt-svg-icon-list-single{font-size:20px !important;}.kt-svg-icon-list-item-11126_eac0e4-66 .kt-svg-icon-list-text mark.kt-highlight{background-color:unset;font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}<\/style>\n<li class=\"wp-block-kadence-listitem kt-svg-icon-list-item-wrap kt-svg-icon-list-item-11126_eac0e4-66 kt-svg-icon-list-style-default\"><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fe_checkCircle kt-svg-icon-list-single\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M22 11.08V12a10 10 0 1 1-5.93-9.14\"\/><polyline points=\"22 4 12 14.01 9 11.01\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kt-svg-icon-list-text\">Top-notch geoprocessing with 350+ modules<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n<style>.kt-svg-icon-list-item-11126_2ad46c-82 .kt-svg-icon-list-single{font-size:20px !important;}.kt-svg-icon-list-item-11126_2ad46c-82 .kt-svg-icon-list-text mark.kt-highlight{background-color:unset;font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}<\/style>\n<li class=\"wp-block-kadence-listitem kt-svg-icon-list-item-wrap kt-svg-icon-list-item-11126_2ad46c-82 kt-svg-icon-list-style-default\"><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fe_checkCircle kt-svg-icon-list-single\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M22 11.08V12a10 10 0 1 1-5.93-9.14\"\/><polyline points=\"22 4 12 14.01 9 11.01\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kt-svg-icon-list-text\">LiDAR and network analysis<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n<style>.kt-svg-icon-list-item-11126_d62995-81 .kt-svg-icon-list-single{font-size:20px !important;}.kt-svg-icon-list-item-11126_d62995-81 .kt-svg-icon-list-text mark.kt-highlight{background-color:unset;font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}<\/style>\n<li class=\"wp-block-kadence-listitem kt-svg-icon-list-item-wrap kt-svg-icon-list-item-11126_d62995-81 kt-svg-icon-list-style-default\"><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fe_checkCircle kt-svg-icon-list-single\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M22 11.08V12a10 10 0 1 1-5.93-9.14\"\/><polyline points=\"22 4 12 14.01 9 11.01\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kt-svg-icon-list-text\">Extensive documentation and tutorials<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n<style>.kt-svg-icon-list-item-11126_2ec283-63 .kt-svg-icon-list-single{font-size:20px !important;}.kt-svg-icon-list-item-11126_2ec283-63 .kt-svg-icon-list-text mark.kt-highlight{background-color:unset;font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}<\/style>\n<li class=\"wp-block-kadence-listitem kt-svg-icon-list-item-wrap kt-svg-icon-list-item-11126_2ec283-63 kt-svg-icon-list-style-default\"><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fe_checkCircle kt-svg-icon-list-single\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M22 11.08V12a10 10 0 1 1-5.93-9.14\"\/><polyline points=\"22 4 12 14.01 9 11.01\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kt-svg-icon-list-text\">Free and open source<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n<style>.kt-svg-icon-list-item-11126_64ff73-be .kt-svg-icon-list-single{font-size:20px !important;}.kt-svg-icon-list-item-11126_64ff73-be .kt-svg-icon-list-text mark.kt-highlight{background-color:unset;font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}<\/style>\n<li class=\"wp-block-kadence-listitem kt-svg-icon-list-item-wrap kt-svg-icon-list-item-11126_64ff73-be kt-svg-icon-list-style-default\"><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fe_checkCircle kt-svg-icon-list-single\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M22 11.08V12a10 10 0 1 1-5.93-9.14\"\/><polyline points=\"22 4 12 14.01 9 11.01\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kt-svg-icon-list-text\">Sophisticated tools for satellite imagery<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n<style>.kt-svg-icon-list-item-11126_d20d26-42 .kt-svg-icon-list-single{font-size:20px !important;}.kt-svg-icon-list-item-11126_d20d26-42 .kt-svg-icon-list-text mark.kt-highlight{background-color:unset;font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}<\/style>\n<li class=\"wp-block-kadence-listitem kt-svg-icon-list-item-wrap kt-svg-icon-list-item-11126_d20d26-42 kt-svg-icon-list-style-default\"><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fe_checkCircle kt-svg-icon-list-single\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M22 11.08V12a10 10 0 1 1-5.93-9.14\"\/><polyline points=\"22 4 12 14.01 9 11.01\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kt-svg-icon-list-text\">3D raster rendering and customization<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n<style>.kt-svg-icon-list-item-11126_4ecbfd-0d .kt-svg-icon-list-single{font-size:20px !important;}.kt-svg-icon-list-item-11126_4ecbfd-0d .kt-svg-icon-list-text mark.kt-highlight{background-color:unset;font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}<\/style>\n<li class=\"wp-block-kadence-listitem kt-svg-icon-list-item-wrap kt-svg-icon-list-item-11126_4ecbfd-0d kt-svg-icon-list-style-default\"><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fe_checkCircle kt-svg-icon-list-single\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M22 11.08V12a10 10 0 1 1-5.93-9.14\"\/><polyline points=\"22 4 12 14.01 9 11.01\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kt-svg-icon-list-text\">Sophisticated network &amp; satellite tools<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n<style>.kt-svg-icon-list-item-11126_d717c3-4f .kt-svg-icon-list-single{font-size:20px !important;}.kt-svg-icon-list-item-11126_d717c3-4f .kt-svg-icon-list-text mark.kt-highlight{background-color:unset;font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}<\/style>\n<li class=\"wp-block-kadence-listitem kt-svg-icon-list-item-wrap kt-svg-icon-list-item-11126_d717c3-4f kt-svg-icon-list-style-default\"><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fe_checkCircle kt-svg-icon-list-single\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M22 11.08V12a10 10 0 1 1-5.93-9.14\"\/><polyline points=\"22 4 12 14.01 9 11.01\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kt-svg-icon-list-text\">Well-documented with raster, vector, imagery, and temporal tools<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column11126_b45cf6-86 > .kt-inside-inner-col{padding-top:10px;padding-right:10px;padding-bottom:10px;padding-left:10px;}.kadence-column11126_b45cf6-86 > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:1px solid var(--global-palette6, #718096);border-right:1px solid var(--global-palette6, #718096);border-bottom:1px solid var(--global-palette6, #718096);border-left:1px solid var(--global-palette6, #718096);}.kadence-column11126_b45cf6-86 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column11126_b45cf6-86 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:10px;border-top-right-radius:10px;border-bottom-right-radius:10px;border-bottom-left-radius:10px;}.kadence-column11126_b45cf6-86 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column11126_b45cf6-86 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column11126_b45cf6-86 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column11126_b45cf6-86 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column11126_b45cf6-86{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column11126_b45cf6-86 > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:1px solid var(--global-palette6, #718096);border-right:1px solid var(--global-palette6, #718096);border-bottom:1px solid var(--global-palette6, #718096);border-left:1px solid var(--global-palette6, #718096);flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column11126_b45cf6-86 > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:1px solid var(--global-palette6, #718096);border-right:1px solid var(--global-palette6, #718096);border-bottom:1px solid var(--global-palette6, #718096);border-left:1px solid var(--global-palette6, #718096);flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column11126_b45cf6-86 inner-column-2\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_c6bc54-9f, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_c6bc54-9f[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_c6bc54-9f\"]{padding-top:15px;margin-bottom:0px;font-size:20px;font-weight:600;font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_c6bc54-9f mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_c6bc54-9f[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_c6bc54-9f\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_c6bc54-9f img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_c6bc54-9f[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_c6bc54-9f\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h5 class=\"kt-adv-heading11126_c6bc54-9f wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_c6bc54-9f\">CONS<\/h5>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-iconlist.kt-svg-icon-list-items11126_917110-64:not(.this-stops-third-party-issues){margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-iconlist.kt-svg-icon-list-items11126_917110-64 ul.kt-svg-icon-list:not(.this-prevents-issues):not(.this-stops-third-party-issues):not(.tijsloc){margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-iconlist.kt-svg-icon-list-items11126_917110-64 ul.kt-svg-icon-list{grid-row-gap:15px;}.wp-block-kadence-iconlist.kt-svg-icon-list-items11126_917110-64 ul.kt-svg-icon-list .kt-svg-icon-list-item-wrap .kt-svg-icon-list-single{margin-right:10px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-iconlist kt-svg-icon-list-items kt-svg-icon-list-items11126_917110-64 kt-svg-icon-list-columns-1 alignnone\"><ul class=\"kt-svg-icon-list\"><style>.kt-svg-icon-list-item-11126_1facad-a5 .kt-svg-icon-list-single{font-size:20px !important;}.kt-svg-icon-list-item-11126_1facad-a5 .kt-svg-icon-list-text mark.kt-highlight{background-color:unset;font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}<\/style>\n<li class=\"wp-block-kadence-listitem kt-svg-icon-list-item-wrap kt-svg-icon-list-item-11126_1facad-a5 kt-svg-icon-list-style-default\"><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fe_xCircle kt-svg-icon-list-single\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  aria-hidden=\"true\"><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"10\"\/><line x1=\"15\" y1=\"9\" x2=\"9\" y2=\"15\"\/><line x1=\"9\" y1=\"9\" x2=\"15\" y2=\"15\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kt-svg-icon-list-text\">Clunky user interface and odd toolbar locations<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n<style>.kt-svg-icon-list-item-11126_fe038b-8c .kt-svg-icon-list-single{font-size:20px !important;}.kt-svg-icon-list-item-11126_fe038b-8c .kt-svg-icon-list-text mark.kt-highlight{background-color:unset;font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}<\/style>\n<li class=\"wp-block-kadence-listitem kt-svg-icon-list-item-wrap kt-svg-icon-list-item-11126_fe038b-8c kt-svg-icon-list-style-default\"><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fe_xCircle kt-svg-icon-list-single\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  aria-hidden=\"true\"><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"10\"\/><line x1=\"15\" y1=\"9\" x2=\"9\" y2=\"15\"\/><line x1=\"9\" y1=\"9\" x2=\"15\" y2=\"15\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kt-svg-icon-list-text\">Defining projections on start-up<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n<style>.kt-svg-icon-list-item-11126_26afcf-b5 .kt-svg-icon-list-single{font-size:20px !important;}.kt-svg-icon-list-item-11126_26afcf-b5 .kt-svg-icon-list-text mark.kt-highlight{background-color:unset;font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}<\/style>\n<li class=\"wp-block-kadence-listitem kt-svg-icon-list-item-wrap kt-svg-icon-list-item-11126_26afcf-b5 kt-svg-icon-list-style-default\"><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fe_xCircle kt-svg-icon-list-single\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  aria-hidden=\"true\"><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"10\"\/><line x1=\"15\" y1=\"9\" x2=\"9\" y2=\"15\"\/><line x1=\"9\" y1=\"9\" x2=\"15\" y2=\"15\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kt-svg-icon-list-text\">It has a steep learning curve for getting started<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n<style>.kt-svg-icon-list-item-11126_0a2068-66 .kt-svg-icon-list-single{font-size:20px !important;}.kt-svg-icon-list-item-11126_0a2068-66 .kt-svg-icon-list-text mark.kt-highlight{background-color:unset;font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}<\/style>\n<li class=\"wp-block-kadence-listitem kt-svg-icon-list-item-wrap kt-svg-icon-list-item-11126_0a2068-66 kt-svg-icon-list-style-default\"><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fe_xCircle kt-svg-icon-list-single\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  aria-hidden=\"true\"><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"10\"\/><line x1=\"15\" y1=\"9\" x2=\"9\" y2=\"15\"\/><line x1=\"9\" y1=\"9\" x2=\"15\" y2=\"15\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kt-svg-icon-list-text\">Unsuitable for cartography and mapping<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n<style>.kt-svg-icon-list-item-11126_be3437-a7 .kt-svg-icon-list-single{font-size:20px !important;}.kt-svg-icon-list-item-11126_be3437-a7 .kt-svg-icon-list-text mark.kt-highlight{background-color:unset;font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}<\/style>\n<li class=\"wp-block-kadence-listitem kt-svg-icon-list-item-wrap kt-svg-icon-list-item-11126_be3437-a7 kt-svg-icon-list-style-default\"><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fe_xCircle kt-svg-icon-list-single\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  aria-hidden=\"true\"><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"10\"\/><line x1=\"15\" y1=\"9\" x2=\"9\" y2=\"15\"\/><line x1=\"9\" y1=\"9\" x2=\"15\" y2=\"15\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kt-svg-icon-list-text\">Command-line window running in the background<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n<style>.kt-svg-icon-list-item-11126_bf4b34-15 .kt-svg-icon-list-single{font-size:20px !important;}.kt-svg-icon-list-item-11126_bf4b34-15 .kt-svg-icon-list-text mark.kt-highlight{background-color:unset;font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}<\/style>\n<li class=\"wp-block-kadence-listitem kt-svg-icon-list-item-wrap kt-svg-icon-list-item-11126_bf4b34-15 kt-svg-icon-list-style-default\"><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fe_xCircle kt-svg-icon-list-single\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  aria-hidden=\"true\"><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"10\"\/><line x1=\"15\" y1=\"9\" x2=\"9\" y2=\"15\"\/><line x1=\"9\" y1=\"9\" x2=\"15\" y2=\"15\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kt-svg-icon-list-text\">Handles coordinate systems in separate locations<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">GRASS GIS Ratings<\/h3>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column11126_d736a9-c6 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column11126_d736a9-c6 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column11126_d736a9-c6 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column11126_d736a9-c6 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column11126_d736a9-c6 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column11126_d736a9-c6 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column11126_d736a9-c6{text-align:left;}.kadence-column11126_d736a9-c6{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column11126_d736a9-c6 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column11126_d736a9-c6 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column11126_d736a9-c6 kb-section-dir-vertical\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.kb-row-layout-id11126_98259a-37 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id11126_98259a-37 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id11126_98259a-37 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-none, 0rem );padding-top:1px;padding-bottom:1px;grid-template-columns:minmax(0, calc(35% - ((var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem) * 1 )\/2)))minmax(0, calc(65% - ((var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem) * 1 )\/2)));}.kb-row-layout-id11126_98259a-37 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}.kb-row-layout-id11126_98259a-37 .kt-row-layout-bottom-sep{height:100px;}.kb-row-layout-id11126_98259a-37 .kt-row-layout-bottom-sep svg{width:100%;}.kb-row-layout-id11126_98259a-37 .kt-row-layout-bottom-sep svg{fill:#ffffff!important;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-wrap.wp-block-kadence-rowlayout.kb-row-layout-id11126_98259a-37{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id11126_98259a-37 > .kt-row-column-wrap{padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(0, 2fr);}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id11126_98259a-37 .kt-row-layout-bottom-sep{height:px;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id11126_98259a-37 .kt-row-layout-bottom-sep svg{width:%;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-wrap.wp-block-kadence-rowlayout.kb-row-layout-id11126_98259a-37{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kb-row-layout-id11126_98259a-37 > .kt-row-column-wrap{padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}.kb-row-layout-id11126_98259a-37 .kt-row-layout-bottom-sep{height:px;}.kb-row-layout-id11126_98259a-37 .kt-row-layout-bottom-sep svg{width:%;}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id11126_98259a-37 alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-2-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-right-golden kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column11126_450fd0-82 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column11126_450fd0-82 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column11126_450fd0-82 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column11126_450fd0-82 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column11126_450fd0-82 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column11126_450fd0-82 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column11126_450fd0-82{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column11126_450fd0-82 > .kt-inside-inner-col{padding-right:0px;padding-left:0px;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column11126_450fd0-82, .kt-inside-inner-col > .kadence-column11126_450fd0-82:not(.specificity){margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column11126_450fd0-82 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column11126_450fd0-82 inner-column-1\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_ae0beb-a1, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_ae0beb-a1[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_ae0beb-a1\"]{text-align:center;font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_ae0beb-a1 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_ae0beb-a1[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_ae0beb-a1\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_ae0beb-a1 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_ae0beb-a1[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_ae0beb-a1\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_ae0beb-a1, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_ae0beb-a1[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_ae0beb-a1\"]{font-size:14px;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_ae0beb-a1, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_ae0beb-a1[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_ae0beb-a1\"]{padding-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;text-align:center!important;}}<\/style>\n<p class=\"kt-adv-heading11126_ae0beb-a1 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading has-theme-palette-3-color has-text-color\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_ae0beb-a1\">Mapping<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column11126_772831-6c > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column11126_772831-6c > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column11126_772831-6c > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column11126_772831-6c > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column11126_772831-6c > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column11126_772831-6c > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column11126_772831-6c{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column11126_772831-6c > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column11126_772831-6c > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column11126_772831-6c\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-icon.kt-svg-icons11126_580700-84{justify-content:center;}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-icon.kt-svg-icons11126_580700-84{justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-icon kt-svg-icons kt-svg-icons11126_580700-84 alignnone\"><style>.kt-svg-item-11126_969ad2-80 .kb-svg-icon-wrap, .kt-svg-style-stacked.kt-svg-item-11126_969ad2-80 .kb-svg-icon-wrap{color:#f0bb01;font-size:24px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-single-icon kt-svg-style-default kt-svg-icon-wrap kt-svg-item-11126_969ad2-80\"><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fas_star\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 576 512\"  fill=\"currentColor\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M259.3 17.8L194 150.2 47.9 171.5c-26.2 3.8-36.7 36.1-17.7 54.6l105.7 103-25 145.5c-4.5 26.3 23.2 46 46.4 33.7L288 439.6l130.7 68.7c23.2 12.2 50.9-7.4 46.4-33.7l-25-145.5 105.7-103c19-18.5 8.5-50.8-17.7-54.6L382 150.2 316.7 17.8c-11.7-23.6-45.6-23.9-57.4 0z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kt-svg-item-11126_6839e4-4f .kb-svg-icon-wrap, .kt-svg-style-stacked.kt-svg-item-11126_6839e4-4f .kb-svg-icon-wrap{color:#f0bb01;font-size:24px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-single-icon kt-svg-style-default kt-svg-icon-wrap kt-svg-item-11126_6839e4-4f\"><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fas_star\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 576 512\"  fill=\"currentColor\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M259.3 17.8L194 150.2 47.9 171.5c-26.2 3.8-36.7 36.1-17.7 54.6l105.7 103-25 145.5c-4.5 26.3 23.2 46 46.4 33.7L288 439.6l130.7 68.7c23.2 12.2 50.9-7.4 46.4-33.7l-25-145.5 105.7-103c19-18.5 8.5-50.8-17.7-54.6L382 150.2 316.7 17.8c-11.7-23.6-45.6-23.9-57.4 0z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kt-svg-item-11126_c4a247-02 .kb-svg-icon-wrap, .kt-svg-style-stacked.kt-svg-item-11126_c4a247-02 .kb-svg-icon-wrap{color:#f0bb01;font-size:24px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-single-icon kt-svg-style-default kt-svg-icon-wrap kt-svg-item-11126_c4a247-02\"><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fe_star\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  aria-hidden=\"true\"><polygon points=\"12 2 15.09 8.26 22 9.27 17 14.14 18.18 21.02 12 17.77 5.82 21.02 7 14.14 2 9.27 8.91 8.26 12 2\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kt-svg-item-11126_ef6f03-7b .kb-svg-icon-wrap, .kt-svg-style-stacked.kt-svg-item-11126_ef6f03-7b .kb-svg-icon-wrap{color:#f0bb01;font-size:24px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-single-icon kt-svg-style-default kt-svg-icon-wrap kt-svg-item-11126_ef6f03-7b\"><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fe_star\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  aria-hidden=\"true\"><polygon points=\"12 2 15.09 8.26 22 9.27 17 14.14 18.18 21.02 12 17.77 5.82 21.02 7 14.14 2 9.27 8.91 8.26 12 2\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kt-svg-item-11126_fa9f38-02 .kb-svg-icon-wrap, .kt-svg-style-stacked.kt-svg-item-11126_fa9f38-02 .kb-svg-icon-wrap{color:#f0bb01;font-size:24px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-single-icon kt-svg-style-default kt-svg-icon-wrap kt-svg-item-11126_fa9f38-02\"><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fe_star\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  aria-hidden=\"true\"><polygon points=\"12 2 15.09 8.26 22 9.27 17 14.14 18.18 21.02 12 17.77 5.82 21.02 7 14.14 2 9.27 8.91 8.26 12 2\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id11126_474062-95 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id11126_474062-95 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id11126_474062-95 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-none, 0rem );padding-top:1px;padding-bottom:1px;grid-template-columns:minmax(0, calc(35% - ((var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem) * 1 )\/2)))minmax(0, calc(65% - ((var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem) * 1 )\/2)));}.kb-row-layout-id11126_474062-95 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}.kb-row-layout-id11126_474062-95 .kt-row-layout-bottom-sep{height:100px;}.kb-row-layout-id11126_474062-95 .kt-row-layout-bottom-sep svg{width:100%;}.kb-row-layout-id11126_474062-95 .kt-row-layout-bottom-sep svg{fill:#ffffff!important;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id11126_474062-95 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(0, 2fr);}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id11126_474062-95 .kt-row-layout-bottom-sep{height:px;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id11126_474062-95 .kt-row-layout-bottom-sep svg{width:%;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-wrap.wp-block-kadence-rowlayout.kb-row-layout-id11126_474062-95{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kb-row-layout-id11126_474062-95 > .kt-row-column-wrap{padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:5px;padding-left:0px;grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}.kb-row-layout-id11126_474062-95 .kt-row-layout-bottom-sep{height:px;}.kb-row-layout-id11126_474062-95 .kt-row-layout-bottom-sep svg{width:%;}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id11126_474062-95 alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-2-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-right-golden kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column11126_d508d8-e6 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column11126_d508d8-e6 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column11126_d508d8-e6 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column11126_d508d8-e6 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column11126_d508d8-e6 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column11126_d508d8-e6 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column11126_d508d8-e6{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column11126_d508d8-e6 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column11126_d508d8-e6 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column11126_d508d8-e6 inner-column-1\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_493d6b-d7, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_493d6b-d7[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_493d6b-d7\"]{text-align:center;font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_493d6b-d7 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_493d6b-d7[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_493d6b-d7\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_493d6b-d7 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_493d6b-d7[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_493d6b-d7\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_493d6b-d7, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_493d6b-d7[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_493d6b-d7\"]{font-size:14px;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_493d6b-d7, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_493d6b-d7[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_493d6b-d7\"]{text-align:center!important;}}<\/style>\n<p class=\"kt-adv-heading11126_493d6b-d7 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading has-theme-palette-3-color has-text-color\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_493d6b-d7\">Analysis<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column11126_fde680-ac > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column11126_fde680-ac > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column11126_fde680-ac > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column11126_fde680-ac > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column11126_fde680-ac > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column11126_fde680-ac > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column11126_fde680-ac{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column11126_fde680-ac > .kt-inside-inner-col{padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column11126_fde680-ac, .kt-inside-inner-col > .kadence-column11126_fde680-ac:not(.specificity){margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0px;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column11126_fde680-ac > .kt-inside-inner-col{display:flex;padding-right:0px;padding-left:0px;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:center;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column11126_fde680-ac{text-align:center;}.kadence-column11126_fde680-ac > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column11126_fde680-ac > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column11126_fde680-ac > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column11126_fde680-ac > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}.kadence-column11126_fde680-ac, .kt-inside-inner-col > .kadence-column11126_fde680-ac:not(.specificity){margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column11126_fde680-ac kb-section-dir-vertical kb-section-sm-dir-horizontal\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-icon.kt-svg-icons11126_189718-33{justify-content:center;}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-icon.kt-svg-icons11126_189718-33{justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-icon kt-svg-icons kt-svg-icons11126_189718-33 alignnone\"><style>.kt-svg-item-11126_62d090-f6 .kb-svg-icon-wrap, .kt-svg-style-stacked.kt-svg-item-11126_62d090-f6 .kb-svg-icon-wrap{color:#f0bb01;font-size:24px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-single-icon kt-svg-style-default kt-svg-icon-wrap kt-svg-item-11126_62d090-f6\"><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fas_star\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 576 512\"  fill=\"currentColor\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M259.3 17.8L194 150.2 47.9 171.5c-26.2 3.8-36.7 36.1-17.7 54.6l105.7 103-25 145.5c-4.5 26.3 23.2 46 46.4 33.7L288 439.6l130.7 68.7c23.2 12.2 50.9-7.4 46.4-33.7l-25-145.5 105.7-103c19-18.5 8.5-50.8-17.7-54.6L382 150.2 316.7 17.8c-11.7-23.6-45.6-23.9-57.4 0z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kt-svg-item-11126_e0f310-aa .kb-svg-icon-wrap, .kt-svg-style-stacked.kt-svg-item-11126_e0f310-aa .kb-svg-icon-wrap{color:#f0bb01;font-size:24px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-single-icon kt-svg-style-default kt-svg-icon-wrap kt-svg-item-11126_e0f310-aa\"><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fas_star\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 576 512\"  fill=\"currentColor\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M259.3 17.8L194 150.2 47.9 171.5c-26.2 3.8-36.7 36.1-17.7 54.6l105.7 103-25 145.5c-4.5 26.3 23.2 46 46.4 33.7L288 439.6l130.7 68.7c23.2 12.2 50.9-7.4 46.4-33.7l-25-145.5 105.7-103c19-18.5 8.5-50.8-17.7-54.6L382 150.2 316.7 17.8c-11.7-23.6-45.6-23.9-57.4 0z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kt-svg-item-11126_54b299-38 .kb-svg-icon-wrap, .kt-svg-style-stacked.kt-svg-item-11126_54b299-38 .kb-svg-icon-wrap{color:#f0bb01;font-size:24px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-single-icon kt-svg-style-default kt-svg-icon-wrap kt-svg-item-11126_54b299-38\"><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fas_star\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 576 512\"  fill=\"currentColor\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M259.3 17.8L194 150.2 47.9 171.5c-26.2 3.8-36.7 36.1-17.7 54.6l105.7 103-25 145.5c-4.5 26.3 23.2 46 46.4 33.7L288 439.6l130.7 68.7c23.2 12.2 50.9-7.4 46.4-33.7l-25-145.5 105.7-103c19-18.5 8.5-50.8-17.7-54.6L382 150.2 316.7 17.8c-11.7-23.6-45.6-23.9-57.4 0z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kt-svg-item-11126_3e97ea-85 .kb-svg-icon-wrap, .kt-svg-style-stacked.kt-svg-item-11126_3e97ea-85 .kb-svg-icon-wrap{color:#f0bb01;font-size:24px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-single-icon kt-svg-style-default kt-svg-icon-wrap kt-svg-item-11126_3e97ea-85\"><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fas_star\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 576 512\"  fill=\"currentColor\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M259.3 17.8L194 150.2 47.9 171.5c-26.2 3.8-36.7 36.1-17.7 54.6l105.7 103-25 145.5c-4.5 26.3 23.2 46 46.4 33.7L288 439.6l130.7 68.7c23.2 12.2 50.9-7.4 46.4-33.7l-25-145.5 105.7-103c19-18.5 8.5-50.8-17.7-54.6L382 150.2 316.7 17.8c-11.7-23.6-45.6-23.9-57.4 0z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kt-svg-item-11126_409e09-12 .kb-svg-icon-wrap, .kt-svg-style-stacked.kt-svg-item-11126_409e09-12 .kb-svg-icon-wrap{color:#f0bb01;font-size:24px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-single-icon kt-svg-style-default kt-svg-icon-wrap kt-svg-item-11126_409e09-12\"><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fas_star\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 576 512\"  fill=\"currentColor\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M259.3 17.8L194 150.2 47.9 171.5c-26.2 3.8-36.7 36.1-17.7 54.6l105.7 103-25 145.5c-4.5 26.3 23.2 46 46.4 33.7L288 439.6l130.7 68.7c23.2 12.2 50.9-7.4 46.4-33.7l-25-145.5 105.7-103c19-18.5 8.5-50.8-17.7-54.6L382 150.2 316.7 17.8c-11.7-23.6-45.6-23.9-57.4 0z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id11126_6fca37-94 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id11126_6fca37-94 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id11126_6fca37-94 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-none, 0rem );padding-top:1px;padding-bottom:1px;grid-template-columns:minmax(0, calc(35% - ((var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem) * 1 )\/2)))minmax(0, calc(65% - ((var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem) * 1 )\/2)));}.kb-row-layout-id11126_6fca37-94 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id11126_6fca37-94 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(0, 2fr);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-wrap.wp-block-kadence-rowlayout.kb-row-layout-id11126_6fca37-94{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kb-row-layout-id11126_6fca37-94 > .kt-row-column-wrap{padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:5px;padding-left:0px;grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id11126_6fca37-94 alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-2-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-right-golden kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column11126_1e5bc6-51 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column11126_1e5bc6-51 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column11126_1e5bc6-51 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column11126_1e5bc6-51 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column11126_1e5bc6-51 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column11126_1e5bc6-51 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column11126_1e5bc6-51{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column11126_1e5bc6-51 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column11126_1e5bc6-51 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column11126_1e5bc6-51 inner-column-1\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_b4595c-b4, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_b4595c-b4[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_b4595c-b4\"]{text-align:center;font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_b4595c-b4 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_b4595c-b4[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_b4595c-b4\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_b4595c-b4 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_b4595c-b4[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_b4595c-b4\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_b4595c-b4, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_b4595c-b4[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_b4595c-b4\"]{font-size:14px;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_b4595c-b4, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_b4595c-b4[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_b4595c-b4\"]{text-align:center!important;}}<\/style>\n<p class=\"kt-adv-heading11126_b4595c-b4 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading has-theme-palette-3-color has-text-color\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_b4595c-b4\">Editing<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column11126_e0e96b-fa > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column11126_e0e96b-fa > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column11126_e0e96b-fa > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column11126_e0e96b-fa > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column11126_e0e96b-fa > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column11126_e0e96b-fa > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column11126_e0e96b-fa{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column11126_e0e96b-fa > .kt-inside-inner-col{padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column11126_e0e96b-fa, .kt-inside-inner-col > .kadence-column11126_e0e96b-fa:not(.specificity){margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0px;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column11126_e0e96b-fa > .kt-inside-inner-col{display:flex;padding-right:0px;padding-left:0px;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:center;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column11126_e0e96b-fa{text-align:center;}.kadence-column11126_e0e96b-fa > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column11126_e0e96b-fa > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column11126_e0e96b-fa > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column11126_e0e96b-fa > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}.kadence-column11126_e0e96b-fa, .kt-inside-inner-col > .kadence-column11126_e0e96b-fa:not(.specificity){margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column11126_e0e96b-fa kb-section-dir-vertical kb-section-sm-dir-horizontal\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-icon.kt-svg-icons11126_21481b-7c{justify-content:center;}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-icon.kt-svg-icons11126_21481b-7c{justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-icon kt-svg-icons kt-svg-icons11126_21481b-7c alignnone\"><style>.kt-svg-item-11126_a86300-e3 .kb-svg-icon-wrap, .kt-svg-style-stacked.kt-svg-item-11126_a86300-e3 .kb-svg-icon-wrap{color:#f0bb01;font-size:24px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-single-icon kt-svg-style-default kt-svg-icon-wrap kt-svg-item-11126_a86300-e3\"><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fas_star\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 576 512\"  fill=\"currentColor\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M259.3 17.8L194 150.2 47.9 171.5c-26.2 3.8-36.7 36.1-17.7 54.6l105.7 103-25 145.5c-4.5 26.3 23.2 46 46.4 33.7L288 439.6l130.7 68.7c23.2 12.2 50.9-7.4 46.4-33.7l-25-145.5 105.7-103c19-18.5 8.5-50.8-17.7-54.6L382 150.2 316.7 17.8c-11.7-23.6-45.6-23.9-57.4 0z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kt-svg-item-11126_92e390-b3 .kb-svg-icon-wrap, .kt-svg-style-stacked.kt-svg-item-11126_92e390-b3 .kb-svg-icon-wrap{color:#f0bb01;font-size:24px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-single-icon kt-svg-style-default kt-svg-icon-wrap kt-svg-item-11126_92e390-b3\"><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fas_star\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 576 512\"  fill=\"currentColor\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M259.3 17.8L194 150.2 47.9 171.5c-26.2 3.8-36.7 36.1-17.7 54.6l105.7 103-25 145.5c-4.5 26.3 23.2 46 46.4 33.7L288 439.6l130.7 68.7c23.2 12.2 50.9-7.4 46.4-33.7l-25-145.5 105.7-103c19-18.5 8.5-50.8-17.7-54.6L382 150.2 316.7 17.8c-11.7-23.6-45.6-23.9-57.4 0z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kt-svg-item-11126_1c78c5-ff .kb-svg-icon-wrap, .kt-svg-style-stacked.kt-svg-item-11126_1c78c5-ff .kb-svg-icon-wrap{color:#f0bb01;font-size:24px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-single-icon kt-svg-style-default kt-svg-icon-wrap kt-svg-item-11126_1c78c5-ff\"><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fas_star\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 576 512\"  fill=\"currentColor\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M259.3 17.8L194 150.2 47.9 171.5c-26.2 3.8-36.7 36.1-17.7 54.6l105.7 103-25 145.5c-4.5 26.3 23.2 46 46.4 33.7L288 439.6l130.7 68.7c23.2 12.2 50.9-7.4 46.4-33.7l-25-145.5 105.7-103c19-18.5 8.5-50.8-17.7-54.6L382 150.2 316.7 17.8c-11.7-23.6-45.6-23.9-57.4 0z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kt-svg-item-11126_498f86-9d .kb-svg-icon-wrap, .kt-svg-style-stacked.kt-svg-item-11126_498f86-9d .kb-svg-icon-wrap{color:#f0bb01;font-size:24px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-single-icon kt-svg-style-default kt-svg-icon-wrap kt-svg-item-11126_498f86-9d\"><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fas_star-half-alt\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 536 512\"  fill=\"currentColor\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M508.55 171.51L362.18 150.2 296.77 17.81C290.89 5.98 279.42 0 267.95 0c-11.4 0-22.79 5.9-28.69 17.81l-65.43 132.38-146.38 21.29c-26.25 3.8-36.77 36.09-17.74 54.59l105.89 103-25.06 145.48C86.98 495.33 103.57 512 122.15 512c4.93 0 10-1.17 14.87-3.75l130.95-68.68 130.94 68.7c4.86 2.55 9.92 3.71 14.83 3.71 18.6 0 35.22-16.61 31.66-37.4l-25.03-145.49 105.91-102.98c19.04-18.5 8.52-50.8-17.73-54.6zm-121.74 123.2l-18.12 17.62 4.28 24.88 19.52 113.45-102.13-53.59-22.38-11.74.03-317.19 51.03 103.29 11.18 22.63 25.01 3.64 114.23 16.63-82.65 80.38z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kt-svg-item-11126_cce97c-bf .kb-svg-icon-wrap, .kt-svg-style-stacked.kt-svg-item-11126_cce97c-bf .kb-svg-icon-wrap{color:#f0bb01;font-size:24px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-single-icon kt-svg-style-default kt-svg-icon-wrap kt-svg-item-11126_cce97c-bf\"><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fe_star\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  aria-hidden=\"true\"><polygon points=\"12 2 15.09 8.26 22 9.27 17 14.14 18.18 21.02 12 17.77 5.82 21.02 7 14.14 2 9.27 8.91 8.26 12 2\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id11126_18c7c2-0d > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id11126_18c7c2-0d > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id11126_18c7c2-0d > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-none, 0rem );padding-top:1px;padding-bottom:1px;grid-template-columns:minmax(0, calc(35% - ((var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem) * 1 )\/2)))minmax(0, calc(65% - ((var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem) * 1 )\/2)));}.kb-row-layout-id11126_18c7c2-0d > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id11126_18c7c2-0d > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(0, 2fr);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-wrap.wp-block-kadence-rowlayout.kb-row-layout-id11126_18c7c2-0d{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kb-row-layout-id11126_18c7c2-0d > .kt-row-column-wrap{padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:5px;padding-left:0px;grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id11126_18c7c2-0d alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-2-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-right-golden kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column11126_56a90b-a7 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column11126_56a90b-a7 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column11126_56a90b-a7 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column11126_56a90b-a7 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column11126_56a90b-a7 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column11126_56a90b-a7 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column11126_56a90b-a7{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column11126_56a90b-a7 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column11126_56a90b-a7 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column11126_56a90b-a7 inner-column-1\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_b111ed-f8, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_b111ed-f8[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_b111ed-f8\"]{text-align:center;font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_b111ed-f8 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_b111ed-f8[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_b111ed-f8\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_b111ed-f8 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_b111ed-f8[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_b111ed-f8\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_b111ed-f8, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_b111ed-f8[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_b111ed-f8\"]{font-size:14px;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_b111ed-f8, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_b111ed-f8[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_b111ed-f8\"]{text-align:center!important;}}<\/style>\n<p class=\"kt-adv-heading11126_b111ed-f8 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading has-theme-palette-3-color has-text-color\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_b111ed-f8\">Data Support<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column11126_194cb1-43 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column11126_194cb1-43 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column11126_194cb1-43 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column11126_194cb1-43 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column11126_194cb1-43 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column11126_194cb1-43 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column11126_194cb1-43{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column11126_194cb1-43 > .kt-inside-inner-col{padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column11126_194cb1-43, .kt-inside-inner-col > .kadence-column11126_194cb1-43:not(.specificity){margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0px;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column11126_194cb1-43 > .kt-inside-inner-col{display:flex;padding-right:0px;padding-left:0px;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:center;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column11126_194cb1-43{text-align:center;}.kadence-column11126_194cb1-43 > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column11126_194cb1-43 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column11126_194cb1-43 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column11126_194cb1-43 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}.kadence-column11126_194cb1-43, .kt-inside-inner-col > .kadence-column11126_194cb1-43:not(.specificity){margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column11126_194cb1-43 kb-section-dir-vertical kb-section-sm-dir-horizontal\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-icon.kt-svg-icons11126_642662-db{justify-content:center;}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-icon.kt-svg-icons11126_642662-db{justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-icon kt-svg-icons kt-svg-icons11126_642662-db alignnone\"><style>.kt-svg-item-11126_5e0878-84 .kb-svg-icon-wrap, .kt-svg-style-stacked.kt-svg-item-11126_5e0878-84 .kb-svg-icon-wrap{color:#f0bb01;font-size:24px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-single-icon kt-svg-style-default kt-svg-icon-wrap kt-svg-item-11126_5e0878-84\"><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fas_star\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 576 512\"  fill=\"currentColor\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M259.3 17.8L194 150.2 47.9 171.5c-26.2 3.8-36.7 36.1-17.7 54.6l105.7 103-25 145.5c-4.5 26.3 23.2 46 46.4 33.7L288 439.6l130.7 68.7c23.2 12.2 50.9-7.4 46.4-33.7l-25-145.5 105.7-103c19-18.5 8.5-50.8-17.7-54.6L382 150.2 316.7 17.8c-11.7-23.6-45.6-23.9-57.4 0z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kt-svg-item-11126_58f564-a3 .kb-svg-icon-wrap, .kt-svg-style-stacked.kt-svg-item-11126_58f564-a3 .kb-svg-icon-wrap{color:#f0bb01;font-size:24px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-single-icon kt-svg-style-default kt-svg-icon-wrap kt-svg-item-11126_58f564-a3\"><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fas_star\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 576 512\"  fill=\"currentColor\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M259.3 17.8L194 150.2 47.9 171.5c-26.2 3.8-36.7 36.1-17.7 54.6l105.7 103-25 145.5c-4.5 26.3 23.2 46 46.4 33.7L288 439.6l130.7 68.7c23.2 12.2 50.9-7.4 46.4-33.7l-25-145.5 105.7-103c19-18.5 8.5-50.8-17.7-54.6L382 150.2 316.7 17.8c-11.7-23.6-45.6-23.9-57.4 0z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kt-svg-item-11126_c8909e-25 .kb-svg-icon-wrap, .kt-svg-style-stacked.kt-svg-item-11126_c8909e-25 .kb-svg-icon-wrap{color:#f0bb01;font-size:24px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-single-icon kt-svg-style-default kt-svg-icon-wrap kt-svg-item-11126_c8909e-25\"><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fas_star\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 576 512\"  fill=\"currentColor\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M259.3 17.8L194 150.2 47.9 171.5c-26.2 3.8-36.7 36.1-17.7 54.6l105.7 103-25 145.5c-4.5 26.3 23.2 46 46.4 33.7L288 439.6l130.7 68.7c23.2 12.2 50.9-7.4 46.4-33.7l-25-145.5 105.7-103c19-18.5 8.5-50.8-17.7-54.6L382 150.2 316.7 17.8c-11.7-23.6-45.6-23.9-57.4 0z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kt-svg-item-11126_4a775b-ae .kb-svg-icon-wrap, .kt-svg-style-stacked.kt-svg-item-11126_4a775b-ae .kb-svg-icon-wrap{color:#f0bb01;font-size:24px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-single-icon kt-svg-style-default kt-svg-icon-wrap kt-svg-item-11126_4a775b-ae\"><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap 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kt-svg-item-11126_ec3e82-0e\"><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fe_star\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  aria-hidden=\"true\"><polygon points=\"12 2 15.09 8.26 22 9.27 17 14.14 18.18 21.02 12 17.77 5.82 21.02 7 14.14 2 9.27 8.91 8.26 12 2\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_585a86-53, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_585a86-53[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_585a86-53\"]{padding-top:10px;padding-right:10px;padding-bottom:25px;padding-left:10px;margin-top:-1px;margin-right:-15px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:-15px;text-align:center;font-size:var(--global-kb-font-size-md, 1.25rem);font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_585a86-53 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_585a86-53[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_585a86-53\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_585a86-53 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_585a86-53[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_585a86-53\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_585a86-53, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_585a86-53[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_585a86-53\"]{font-size:16px;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_585a86-53, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_585a86-53[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_585a86-53\"]{font-size:15px;}}<\/style>\n<p class=\"kt-adv-heading11126_585a86-53 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_585a86-53\"><strong>Ranked #10 from <a href=\"https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/best-gis-software\/\">30 GIS Software<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_bccb33-be, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_bccb33-be[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_bccb33-be\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_bccb33-be mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_bccb33-be[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_bccb33-be\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_bccb33-be img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading11126_bccb33-be[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_bccb33-be\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h3 class=\"kt-adv-heading11126_bccb33-be wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading11126_bccb33-be\">Deploy projects with difficulty<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Traditionally, users have all their data stored all over the place\u2026 their local drives, network drives, and external ports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>While <a href=\"https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/qgis-arcgis-differences\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">ArcGIS and QGIS<\/a> will project your data on the fly, GRASS GIS insists that data in different projections be placed into separate folder locations.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kb-image11126_3e7c4d-84 .kb-image-has-overlay:after{opacity:0.3;}.kb-image11126_3e7c4d-84 img.kb-img, .kb-image11126_3e7c4d-84 .kb-img img{border-top:1px solid #c3c3c3;border-right:1px solid #c3c3c3;border-bottom:1px solid #c3c3c3;border-left:1px solid #c3c3c3;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-image11126_3e7c4d-84 img.kb-img, .kb-image11126_3e7c4d-84 .kb-img img{border-top:1px solid #c3c3c3;border-right:1px solid #c3c3c3;border-bottom:1px solid #c3c3c3;border-left:1px solid #c3c3c3;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-image11126_3e7c4d-84 img.kb-img, .kb-image11126_3e7c4d-84 .kb-img img{border-top:1px solid #c3c3c3;border-right:1px solid #c3c3c3;border-bottom:1px solid #c3c3c3;border-left:1px solid #c3c3c3;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-image kb-image11126_3e7c4d-84\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"425\" height=\"412\" src=\"http:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/database-directory-425x412.png\" alt=\"database directory\" class=\"kb-img wp-image-11346\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/database-directory-425x412.png 425w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/database-directory-300x291.png 300w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/database-directory-50x48.png 50w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/database-directory-200x194.png 200w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/database-directory-550x533.png 550w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/database-directory-115x112.png 115w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/database-directory-160x155.png 160w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/database-directory.png 625w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 425px) 100vw, 425px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><em>&#8220;All data in one location is in the same coordinate reference system (projection). One Location can be one project. The location contains Mapsets.&#8221;<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For quality reasons, GRASS GIS handles <strong>one projection per folder location<\/strong>. This is mostly because a lot of users out there tend to ignore their coordinate systems and simply assume their data lines up.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Case in point, you will have to be more cautious with your data&#8217;s coordinate system in a GRASS Workspace File (*.gxw).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">All the firepower you need with sophisticated tools<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Here\u2019s the good news<\/strong>: GRASS GIS is loaded with 99% of the analysis tools you need in everyday life.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Without a doubt, this software has some serious firepower with over 400 raster and vector manipulation tools.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"678\" height=\"323\" src=\"https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/grass-layer-manager-678x323.png\" alt=\"grass layer manager\" class=\"wp-image-11343\" style=\"width:600px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/grass-layer-manager-678x322.png 678w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/grass-layer-manager-300x143.png 300w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/grass-layer-manager-768x366.png 768w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/grass-layer-manager-50x24.png 50w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/grass-layer-manager-326x155.png 326w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/grass-layer-manager-200x95.png 200w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/grass-layer-manager-425x202.png 425w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/grass-layer-manager-550x262.png 550w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/grass-layer-manager-115x55.png 115w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/grass-layer-manager-325x155.png 325w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/grass-layer-manager.png 800w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 678px) 100vw, 678px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>It has so much in its arsenal that <a href=\"http:\/\/gisgeography.com\/open-source-qgis-review-guide\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">QGIS<\/a> and <a href=\"http:\/\/gisgeography.com\/udig-user-friendly-desktop-internet-gis\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">uDig<\/a> have adopted it as a base analysis set of tools of their own.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Raster, vector, imagery, 3D raster, and temporal tools are at your disposal. Some of my stand-outs included the <strong>satellite imagery tools<\/strong> (atmospheric correction, DN conversion, and vegetation indices).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Also notable are the <strong>modeling tools<\/strong> for groundwater, wildfire, hydrology, and landscape patch analysis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Does GRASS GIS have sophisticated analysis tools for almost any type of analysis? <strong>You bet it does.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2026And a ridiculous amount of options to tweak.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A bit of a cartography nightmare<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Now, here\u2019s the bad news<\/strong>: GRASS GIS is probably not suited for 99% of the mapping you need in everyday life.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The <strong>GRASS GIS Cartographic Composer<\/strong> is meant to interactively design and generate hard copy maps.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Start by creating a map frame. From there, you can add your raster or vector data. Add <a href=\"https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/map-elements-how-to-guide-map-making\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">map elements<\/a> like a legend, map info, scale bar, text, image, or north arrow. Finally, export your map as a PDF or PostScript output.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized has-custom-border\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"678\" height=\"522\" src=\"https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/grass-gis-cartographic-composer-678x522.png\" alt=\"GRASS GIS Cartographic-Composer\" class=\"has-border-color has-theme-palette-6-border-color wp-image-11360\" style=\"border-width:1px;width:500px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/grass-gis-cartographic-composer-678x522.png 678w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/grass-gis-cartographic-composer-300x231.png 300w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/grass-gis-cartographic-composer-50x39.png 50w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/grass-gis-cartographic-composer-200x154.png 200w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/grass-gis-cartographic-composer-425x327.png 425w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/grass-gis-cartographic-composer-550x424.png 550w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/grass-gis-cartographic-composer-115x89.png 115w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/grass-gis-cartographic-composer-201x155.png 201w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/grass-gis-cartographic-composer.png 761w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 678px) 100vw, 678px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>But all isn&#8217;t so smooth with GRASS GIS Cartographic Composer:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The preview didn&#8217;t work. But when you export a PDF &#8211; it actually worked.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Selecting a different map arrow gave me the <em>&#8216;unable to read file&#8217;<\/em> error.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The map frame is rigidly controlled to that aspect once created.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>A cartography nightmare is a bit of an exaggeration. But I can tell you that cartographers are not dreaming of working with GRASS GIS for their masterpiece.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Other exceptional standouts<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The <strong>3D capabilities<\/strong> are surprisingly impressive. It&#8217;s integrated within the map display and all you have to do is select the 3D dropdown. Choose the lighting, perspective, tilt\u2026 It&#8217;s really quite good.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>GRASS GIS can also set up <strong>vector networks<\/strong> with some topology maintenance. The network analysis tool includes the shortest path, moving salesman, maximum flow, and center allocation.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"678\" height=\"305\" src=\"https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/GRASS-3D-678x305.jpg\" alt=\"GRASS 3D\" class=\"wp-image-96562\" style=\"width:600px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/GRASS-3D-678x305.jpg 678w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/GRASS-3D-300x135.jpg 300w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/GRASS-3D-768x346.jpg 768w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/GRASS-3D.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 678px) 100vw, 678px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>Data interoperability<\/strong> is decent. Multiple data input formats are available, including MySQL, DBF, PostGIS, and SQLite. You can&#8217;t compare it to <a href=\"http:\/\/gisgeography.com\/fme-software\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Feature Manipulation Engine (FME)<\/a>. Using the <em>Common Import Formats<\/em> OGR can be used for reading, writing and transforming vector data. However, it didn&#8217;t accept my LAS file<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lastly, the <strong>documentation<\/strong> is superb. The GRASS manual details the use of modules distributed with Geographic Resources Analysis Support System (GRASS).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Expect the unexpected for user interface<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Some of the things you&#8217;d expect that are in standard GIS software, just aren&#8217;t there. The initial settings and user interface:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Right-clicking a layer in the table of contents to zoom to feature does not exist<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A toolbox that separates the tools for organization is hidden in the <em>&#8216;Search Modules&#8217;<\/em> tab<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>You have a command line window running in the background the whole time the program is open<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>GRASS GIS is set up differently than other GIS software.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>While I hesitate to deem it a non-user-friendly application, some people have become accustomed to all its quirks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The original user interface of GRASS was in the command line only. It&#8217;s come a long way to provide a GUI to the public &#8211; especially in the last decade or so.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2026 But if you&#8217;re coming from the world of <a href=\"https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/qgis-arcgis-differences\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">ArcGIS or QGIS<\/a>, this won\u2019t be something you can just pick up at the drop of a hat. Lastly, don&#8217;t forget to watch this GRASS GIS YouTube video narrated by William Shatner. It&#8217;s actually pretty cool.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">GIS Geography&#8217;s Take<\/h2>\n\n\n<style>.kb-image11126_c12c8b-a7 .kb-image-has-overlay:after{opacity:0.3;}.kb-image11126_c12c8b-a7 img.kb-img, .kb-image11126_c12c8b-a7 .kb-img img{border-top:1px solid #b6b6b6;border-right:1px solid #b6b6b6;border-bottom:1px solid #b6b6b6;border-left:1px solid #b6b6b6;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-image11126_c12c8b-a7 img.kb-img, .kb-image11126_c12c8b-a7 .kb-img img{border-top:1px solid #b6b6b6;border-right:1px solid #b6b6b6;border-bottom:1px solid #b6b6b6;border-left:1px solid #b6b6b6;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-image11126_c12c8b-a7 img.kb-img, .kb-image11126_c12c8b-a7 .kb-img img{border-top:1px solid #b6b6b6;border-right:1px solid #b6b6b6;border-bottom:1px solid #b6b6b6;border-left:1px solid #b6b6b6;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-image kb-image11126_c12c8b-a7\"><figure class=\"alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"425\" height=\"181\" src=\"https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/grass-gis3-425x181.jpg\" alt=\"GRASS GIS Desktop\" class=\"kb-img wp-image-4023\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/grass-gis3-425x181.jpg 425w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/grass-gis3-300x127.jpg 300w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/grass-gis3-50x21.jpg 50w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/grass-gis3-80x35.jpg 80w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/grass-gis3-174x74.jpg 174w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/grass-gis3-200x85.jpg 200w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/grass-gis3-550x234.jpg 550w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/grass-gis3-115x49.jpg 115w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/grass-gis3-364x155.jpg 364w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/grass-gis3.jpg 620w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 425px) 100vw, 425px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>It is remarkable how much the program has advanced over the years. For example, academic circles love GRASS GIS for its scientific tools, extensive documentation, and its proven track record.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The brilliant engineers at the US Army Corps of Engineers designed a ridiculous powerful set of open source scientific tools. It&#8217;s sleek. It&#8217;s an all-American style of GIS.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>While out on their lunch break, someone snuck in and programmed in a clunky GUI, odd coordinate folder system, and error-prone cartographic composer so you won&#8217;t be able to craft the maps you want to.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>With that said, it&#8217;s a free and open source program. And you certainly can <strong>get the job done<\/strong>. It just takes practice to master. Don&#8217;t forget that you can leverage GRASS GIS in QGIS and uDig too.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>What are your thoughts? Let the adventure begin with GRASS GIS?<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>GRASS GIS (Geographic Resources Analysis Support System) is one of the oldest public domain GIS software in existence &#8211; over 30 years old.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":50932,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kad_post_transparent":"default","_kad_post_title":"default","_kad_post_layout":"default","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"default","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"default","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[173],"tags":[492],"class_list":["post-11126","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-software","tag-open-source-gis-software"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>GRASS GIS - Geographic Resources Analysis Support System - GIS Geography<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"GRASS GIS (Geographic Resources Analysis Support System) is one of the oldest public domain GIS software in existence - over 30 years old.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/grass-gis-geographic-resources-analysis-support-system\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"GRASS GIS - Geographic Resources Analysis Support System - GIS Geography\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"GRASS GIS (Geographic Resources Analysis Support System) is one of the oldest public domain GIS software in existence - over 30 years old.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/grass-gis-geographic-resources-analysis-support-system\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"GIS Geography\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/gisgeography\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/gisgeography\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2016-07-10T01:48:27+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-04-11T10:32:46+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/GRASS-GIS-Feature.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"682\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"363\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"GISGeography\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@https:\/\/twitter.com\/GisGeography\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@GisGeography\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"GISGeography\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gisgeography.com\\\/grass-gis-geographic-resources-analysis-support-system\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gisgeography.com\\\/grass-gis-geographic-resources-analysis-support-system\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"GISGeography\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gisgeography.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/9e7385da3acea92bc45d45be5dfe191e\"},\"headline\":\"GRASS GIS &#8211; 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