{"id":16221,"date":"2017-10-04T05:10:26","date_gmt":"2017-10-04T10:10:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/gisgeography.com\/?p=16221"},"modified":"2025-04-02T06:05:17","modified_gmt":"2025-04-02T11:05:17","slug":"srtm-shuttle-radar-topography-mission","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/srtm-shuttle-radar-topography-mission\/","title":{"rendered":"SRTM Shuttle Radar Topography Mission"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>.kb-image16221_0f90e9-89 .kb-image-has-overlay:after{opacity:0.3;}<\/style>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-kadence-image kb-image16221_0f90e9-89 size-medium_large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"365\" src=\"https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/SRTM-Shuttle-Radar-Topography-Mission-Feature-768x365.png\" alt=\"SRTM Shuttle Radar Topography Mission Feature\" class=\"kb-img wp-image-61495\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/SRTM-Shuttle-Radar-Topography-Mission-Feature-768x365.png 768w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/SRTM-Shuttle-Radar-Topography-Mission-Feature-300x143.png 300w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/SRTM-Shuttle-Radar-Topography-Mission-Feature-678x322.png 678w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/SRTM-Shuttle-Radar-Topography-Mission-Feature-50x24.png 50w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/SRTM-Shuttle-Radar-Topography-Mission-Feature-326x155.png 326w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/SRTM-Shuttle-Radar-Topography-Mission-Feature-200x95.png 200w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/SRTM-Shuttle-Radar-Topography-Mission-Feature-425x202.png 425w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/SRTM-Shuttle-Radar-Topography-Mission-Feature-550x261.png 550w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/SRTM-Shuttle-Radar-Topography-Mission-Feature-115x55.png 115w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/SRTM-Shuttle-Radar-Topography-Mission-Feature-360x171.png 360w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/SRTM-Shuttle-Radar-Topography-Mission-Feature.png 850w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Space Shuttle Radar Topography Mission<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>During its 11-day mission, the Space Shuttle Endeavour, carrying SRTM, orbited the Earth 16 times.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As part of this mission, it captured Earth&#8217;s topography at <strong>1 arc-second (30 meters)<\/strong> for <strong>over 80% of the Earth&#8217;s surface<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Using <a href=\"http:\/\/gisgeography.com\/synthetic-aperture-radar-examples\/\">synthetic aperture radar<\/a> and interferometry, SRTM has collected one of the most accurate digital elevation models of Earth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Now, this data is freely available on the USGS Earth Explorer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>READ MORE:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/free-global-dem-data-sources\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">5 Free Global DEM Data Sources<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">SRTM DEM 30m and 90m resolution<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Before September 2014, the best available SRTM Digital Elevation Model (DEM) was a 90-meter resolution.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"425\" height=\"255\" src=\"http:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/srtm-shuttle-radar-topography-mission-425x255.jpg\" alt=\"srtm shuttle radar topography mission\" class=\"wp-image-16225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/srtm-shuttle-radar-topography-mission-425x255.jpg 425w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/srtm-shuttle-radar-topography-mission-300x180.jpg 300w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/srtm-shuttle-radar-topography-mission-678x407.jpg 678w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/srtm-shuttle-radar-topography-mission-768x461.jpg 768w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/srtm-shuttle-radar-topography-mission-50x30.jpg 50w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/srtm-shuttle-radar-topography-mission-600x360.jpg 600w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/srtm-shuttle-radar-topography-mission-200x120.jpg 200w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/srtm-shuttle-radar-topography-mission-550x330.jpg 550w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/srtm-shuttle-radar-topography-mission-115x69.jpg 115w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/srtm-shuttle-radar-topography-mission-1265x760.jpg 1265w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/srtm-shuttle-radar-topography-mission-850x511.jpg 850w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/srtm-shuttle-radar-topography-mission-258x155.jpg 258w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/srtm-shuttle-radar-topography-mission.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 425px) 100vw, 425px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Now, the 30-meter (1 arc-second) resolution SRTM is publically available on the USGS Earth Explorer for most of the globe. This enhanced version presents the full resolution of the original measurements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The global digital elevation model has a <strong>spatial resolution of about 30 meters<\/strong> covering most of the world with an <strong>absolute vertical height accuracy of less than 16 meters<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Where can you download the SRTM data?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In late 2014, the United States announced that it would release its highest possible resolution SRTM data to the public. Your best place to download SRTM tiles is through the <a href=\"https:\/\/earthexplorer.usgs.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">USGS Earth Explorer<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"658\" height=\"1000\" src=\"https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/SRTM-Satellite.jpg\" alt=\"SRTM Satellite\" class=\"wp-image-96911\" style=\"width:270px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/SRTM-Satellite.jpg 658w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/SRTM-Satellite-197x300.jpg 197w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 658px) 100vw, 658px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>We have a guide on <a href=\"https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/usgs-earth-explorer-download-free-landsat-imagery\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">how to download data from the USGS Earth Explorer<\/a> to help you get started.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Overall, it&#8217;s just a couple of simple steps:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Select your area of interest.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Under the data sets tab, select Digital Elevation &gt; SRTM &gt; SRTM 1-ArcSecond Global.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Add to your cart and download.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>SRTM data products have 2 levels of processing. First, the void-filled DEM fills in null values where it didn&#8217;t meet standard specifications. Secondly, the non-void version contains voids and has not been filled using interpolation and other sources of elevation.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Data Collection and Creation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The SRTM payload was equipped on the Space Shuttle Endeavour. The Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) uses inSAR which measures Earth\u2019s elevation with two antennas.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kb-image16221_5e1bb6-0c.kb-image-is-ratio-size, .kb-image16221_5e1bb6-0c .kb-image-is-ratio-size{max-width:375px;width:100%;}.wp-block-kadence-column > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image16221_5e1bb6-0c.kb-image-is-ratio-size, .wp-block-kadence-column > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image16221_5e1bb6-0c .kb-image-is-ratio-size{align-self:unset;}.kb-image16221_5e1bb6-0c figure{max-width:375px;}.kb-image16221_5e1bb6-0c .image-is-svg, .kb-image16221_5e1bb6-0c .image-is-svg img{width:100%;}.kb-image16221_5e1bb6-0c .kb-image-has-overlay:after{opacity:0.3;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-image kb-image16221_5e1bb6-0c\"><figure class=\"alignright size-medium-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"425\" height=\"319\" src=\"https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/srtm-concept-425x319.jpg\" alt=\"srtm concept\" class=\"kb-img wp-image-16224\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/srtm-concept-425x319.jpg 425w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/srtm-concept-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/srtm-concept-50x38.jpg 50w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/srtm-concept-200x150.jpg 200w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/srtm-concept-115x86.jpg 115w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/srtm-concept-206x155.jpg 206w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/srtm-concept.jpg 550w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 425px) 100vw, 425px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Using two radar antennas and a single pass, it generated a digital elevation model using interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Because C-band radar struggles at penetrating dense vegetation, it can\u2019t <strong>&#8220;see-through&#8221; thick vegetation<\/strong>. This means that in heavily forested areas SRTM mapped the top of the canopy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Even with studies comparing <a href=\"https:\/\/natural-resources.canada.ca\/maps-tools-and-publications\/satellite-imagery-elevation-data-and-air-photos\/tutorial-fundamentals-remote-sensing\/microwave-remote-sensing\/radar-image-distortions\/9325\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">laser altimetry<\/a>, it penetrated vegetation a bit, but not to the ground. However, in sparse vegetation, it may have a return from the ground. In addition, all radar struggles with <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nrcan.gc.ca\/earth-sciences\/geomatics\/satellite-imagery-air-photos\/satellite-imagery-products\/educational-resources\/9325\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">distortions like foreshortening, layover, and shadow<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>READ MORE:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/radar-bands\/\">Radar Bands in Remote Sensing<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Why Topography?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>NASA only needed 11 days to sculpt their impeccable SRTM 30-meter digital elevation model of the Earth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But why did NASA decide to collect <a href=\"https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/what-is-topography\/\">topography<\/a>?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>First, scientists use topography data in <strong>climate models<\/strong> because topography determines factors like air and water flow. Also, the surface elevation is a good indication of land formations and tectonic activity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But it&#8217;s not only for climate change:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If you want to design a cellular tower or a hydroelectric dam, you need to have <strong>accurate topography<\/strong> of the land.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This is why the international scientific community has everything to gain in this mission which included German and Italian space agencies.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>During an 11-day mission, Space Shuttle Radar Topography (SRTM) mission captured Earth&#8217;s elevation at 1 arc-second (30 meters) for over 80% of the Earth.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":16223,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kad_post_transparent":"default","_kad_post_title":"default","_kad_post_layout":"default","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"default","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"default","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[92],"tags":[147,418],"class_list":["post-16221","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-remote-sensing","tag-satellites","tag-topography"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>SRTM Shuttle 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