{"id":77476,"date":"2023-10-16T20:38:00","date_gmt":"2023-10-17T01:38:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/?p=77476"},"modified":"2025-05-29T20:43:04","modified_gmt":"2025-05-30T01:43:04","slug":"what-is-underground-mapping","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/what-is-underground-mapping\/","title":{"rendered":"What Is Underground Mapping?"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>.kb-image77476_bac6a9-df .kb-image-has-overlay:after{opacity:0.3;}<\/style>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-kadence-image kb-image77476_bac6a9-df size-medium_large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"432\" src=\"https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Underground-Mapping-768x432.jpg\" alt=\"Underground Mapping\" class=\"kb-img wp-image-77477\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Underground-Mapping-768x432.jpg 768w, 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.kt-inside-inner-col{display:flex;}.kadence-column77476_c96e39-4f13 > .kt-inside-inner-col{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);}.kadence-column77476_c96e39-4f13 > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:1px solid #d3d3d3;border-right:1px solid #d3d3d3;border-bottom:1px solid #d3d3d3;border-left:1px solid #d3d3d3;}.kadence-column77476_c96e39-4f13 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column77476_c96e39-4f13 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:10px;border-top-right-radius:10px;border-bottom-right-radius:10px;border-bottom-left-radius:10px;}.kadence-column77476_c96e39-4f13 > .kt-inside-inner-col{row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-none, 0rem );column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column77476_c96e39-4f13 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column77476_c96e39-4f13 > .kt-inside-inner-col > 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class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading77476_9c7a1c-7911, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading77476_9c7a1c-7911[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading77476_9c7a1c-7911\"]{padding-bottom:0px;margin-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-xxs, 0.5rem);font-size:16px;font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading77476_9c7a1c-7911 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading77476_9c7a1c-7911[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading77476_9c7a1c-7911\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading77476_9c7a1c-7911 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading77476_9c7a1c-7911[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading77476_9c7a1c-7911\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<p class=\"kt-adv-heading77476_9c7a1c-7911 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading77476_9c7a1c-7911\"><strong>DEFINITION:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading77476_a162ea-8012, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading77476_a162ea-8012[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading77476_a162ea-8012\"]{font-size:16px;font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading77476_a162ea-8012 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading77476_a162ea-8012[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading77476_a162ea-8012\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading77476_a162ea-8012 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading77476_a162ea-8012[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading77476_a162ea-8012\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<p class=\"kt-adv-heading77476_a162ea-8012 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading77476_a162ea-8012\">Underground mapping is the process of creating maps and models of features below the Earth\u2019s surface, such as utilities, bathymetry, and groundwater.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What Is Underground Mapping?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Underground mapping uses <strong>imaging technologies<\/strong> to map underground structures. In general, the purpose of underground mapping is for resource extraction. This includes oil and gas exploration and locating existing infrastructure like underground utilities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There are many benefits of underground mapping. For instance, it helps urban planners identify danger spots and map utilities. In this article, we will discuss the <strong>types of underground mapping technologies<\/strong> that exist today.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ground Penetrating Radar<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is a type of radar for imaging the subsurface of the Earth. To use it, a high-frequency electromagnetic wave is sent into the ground and the return waves are measured, like <a href=\"https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/lidar-light-detection-and-ranging\/\">LiDAR<\/a>. The depth at which the reflections are detected can be used to calculate the structure and content of the subsurface.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kb-image77476_070677-f7 .kb-image-has-overlay:after{opacity:0.3;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-image kb-image77476_070677-f7\"><figure class=\"alignright size-medium-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"425\" height=\"278\" src=\"https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Ground-Penetrating-Radar-425x278.jpg\" alt=\"Ground Penetrating Radar\" class=\"kb-img wp-image-77478\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Ground-Penetrating-Radar-425x278.jpg 425w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Ground-Penetrating-Radar-300x196.jpg 300w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Ground-Penetrating-Radar-678x444.jpg 678w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Ground-Penetrating-Radar-768x503.jpg 768w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Ground-Penetrating-Radar-200x131.jpg 200w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Ground-Penetrating-Radar-550x360.jpg 550w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Ground-Penetrating-Radar-115x75.jpg 115w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Ground-Penetrating-Radar-360x236.jpg 360w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Ground-Penetrating-Radar.jpg 975w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 425px) 100vw, 425px\" \/><figcaption>Ground penetrating radar<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Currently, <strong>Ground Penetrating Radar<\/strong> has a variety of applications including but not limited to:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Detecting buried objects<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mapping underground infrastructure<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Assessing the thickness of peatland<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Measuring the depth of the water table<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Scanning the grounds for mineral exploration<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Seismic Imaging<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Seismic imaging is a technique that maps the subsurface using <strong>sound waves<\/strong>. This type of technology sends acoustic waves through the ground. It uses either one of the following equipment (1) a vibroseis or (2) an explosive detonation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As acoustic waves bounce off objects in the ground, they give a recording of <strong>how long the reflected sound<\/strong> wave takes to return. Finally, instruments known as geophones record the return wave from the acoustic waves at the survey site.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Geophysicists can use this data to explore the <strong>properties of rocks<\/strong> beneath the surface. However, the primary purpose of seismic imaging is generally to locate coal, oil, and gas deposits.&nbsp;But it\u2019s also helpful for geothermal exploration and locating these types of renewable energy sources.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bathymetric Mapping<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Bathymetric mapping is a technique for <strong>peering into the depths of the ocean<\/strong>. By using bathymetry, it&#8217;s possible to create a detailed map of the ocean floor by taking measurements from a ship using <a href=\"https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/sonar\/\">Sonar technology<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kb-image77476_44a02a-b8 .kb-image-has-overlay:after{opacity:0.3;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-image kb-image77476_44a02a-b8\"><figure class=\"alignright size-medium-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"425\" height=\"255\" src=\"https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/Multibeam-Sonar-Bathymetry-Data-425x255.jpg\" alt=\"Multibeam Sonar Bathymetry Data\" class=\"kb-img wp-image-17039\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/Multibeam-Sonar-Bathymetry-Data-425x255.jpg 425w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/Multibeam-Sonar-Bathymetry-Data-300x180.jpg 300w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/Multibeam-Sonar-Bathymetry-Data-678x407.jpg 678w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/Multibeam-Sonar-Bathymetry-Data-768x461.jpg 768w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/Multibeam-Sonar-Bathymetry-Data-50x30.jpg 50w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/Multibeam-Sonar-Bathymetry-Data-600x360.jpg 600w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/Multibeam-Sonar-Bathymetry-Data-200x120.jpg 200w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/Multibeam-Sonar-Bathymetry-Data-550x330.jpg 550w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/Multibeam-Sonar-Bathymetry-Data-115x69.jpg 115w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/Multibeam-Sonar-Bathymetry-Data-850x510.jpg 850w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/Multibeam-Sonar-Bathymetry-Data-259x155.jpg 259w, https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/Multibeam-Sonar-Bathymetry-Data.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 425px) 100vw, 425px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>This technique uses echo-sounding data and <a href=\"https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/best-gis-software\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">mapping software<\/a> for mapping the underwater environment. These <a href=\"https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/mapping-the-ocean-floor-water-bathymetry-data\/\">bathymetric maps<\/a> can help with navigation and coastal planning, as well as for studying our marine environment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>By mapping the ocean floor, scientists can learn more about the <strong>ocean&#8217;s physical features<\/strong>. Plus, they can see how the seafloor changes over time, including its physical characteristics and tectonic plates.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Summary: Underground Mapping<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In this article, we discussed the three primary <strong>underground mapping technologies<\/strong>. While ground penetrating radar uses high-frequency electromagnetic waves, seismic imaging uses acoustic waves. Both technologies measure the return wave to understand the depths of the subsurface.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For underwater mapping, we mainly use bathymetric mapping. For this technology, sonar emits pings of sounds and <strong>listens for an echo<\/strong>. Like LiDAR technology, it calculates the distance to the base by measuring the elapsed time of the echo.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Underground mapping uses a variety of imaging technologies to map subsurface information including oil and gas exploration and utilities.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":77477,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[108],"tags":[437],"class_list":["post-77476","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-maps-cartography","tag-map-types"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>What Is Underground Mapping? - GIS Geography<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Underground mapping uses a variety of imaging technologies to map subsurface information including oil and gas exploration and utilities.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/what-is-underground-mapping\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"What Is Underground Mapping? - GIS Geography\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Underground mapping uses a variety of imaging technologies to map subsurface information including oil and gas exploration and utilities.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/what-is-underground-mapping\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"GIS Geography\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/gisgeography\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/gisgeography\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-10-17T01:38:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-05-30T01:43:04+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/gisgeography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Underground-Mapping.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"675\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"GISGeography\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@https:\/\/twitter.com\/GisGeography\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@GisGeography\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"GISGeography\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gisgeography.com\\\/what-is-underground-mapping\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gisgeography.com\\\/what-is-underground-mapping\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"GISGeography\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gisgeography.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/9e7385da3acea92bc45d45be5dfe191e\"},\"headline\":\"What Is Underground Mapping?\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-10-17T01:38:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-05-30T01:43:04+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gisgeography.com\\\/what-is-underground-mapping\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":503,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gisgeography.com\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gisgeography.com\\\/what-is-underground-mapping\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gisgeography.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2023\\\/01\\\/Underground-Mapping.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Map Types\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Maps &amp; 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